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Fall 2001
ISSN 0890-913X
Volume 17, Number 1

Toward Voluntary Unionism

Charles W. Baird, California State University Hayward
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TowardVoluntaryUnionismCharlesW.BairdCaliforniaStateUniversityCHaywardAmericantradeunionismisbasedoncoercionembodiedintheNationalLaborRelationsAct(NLRA).Itsauthorsjustifiedthecoerciononthegroundsthattheinterestsofworkersandemployersarenaturallyinconflict,thatindividualworkershaveaninherentbargainingpowerdisadvantagewithrespecttoemployersthatunionscanredress,andthatunionizationleadstopeacefullaborrelations.TheprincipalinstrumentsofcoercionintheNLRAareexclusiverepresentation(fromwhichemergesunionsecurity),andmandatorygoodfaithbargaining.Iproposethatbothberepealed.In1993CongressmanDickArmeyofTexasintroducedaAVoluntaryBargaining@billtotheHouseofRepresentatives.Itgotnowhere,andArmeyhasneverreintroduceditalthoughhispartybecamethemajoritypartyinCongressin1994.Ifenacted,theArmeybillwouldhaverepealedexclusiverepresentation,butitwouldhaveleftmandatorygoodfaithbargaininginthelaw.ThebestmodeltofollowtowardvoluntaryunionismisNewZealand=s1991EmploymentContractsAct(ECA).NotwithstandingthattheECAwasrepealedinAugust2000bytheLabourPartyanditscoalitionpartner,theAlliance(Baird,2000),theECAworkedwellfrom1991-2000.Employmentgrew,unemploymentdeclined,realeconomicgrowthaccelerated,personalincomesroseand,mostimportantly,workerswerefreetochoose(Kasper,2000).TheECAremainspopularwiththeNewZealandelectorateinspiteoftheLabourParty=spayofftotheunionsfortheirelectoralsupport.ChancesareitwillberestoredinNewZealandinthenextfiveyears.CoercionisunjustifiedIn1935whentheoriginalNLRAwaspassed,theMarxistideathatworkersandemployerswerelockedinaclassstrugglewaswidely
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