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Fall 2006
ISSN 0890-913X
Volume 22, Number 1

Schumpeter's Creative Destruction: A Review of the Evidence

Arthur M. Diamond, Jr., University of Nebraska Omaha
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JournalofPrivateEnterprise,VolumeXXII,Number1,Fall2006Schumpeter'sCreativeDestruction:AReviewoftheEvidence*ArthurM.Diamond,Jr.UniversityofNebraskaatOmahaThoughtfulscholarsfromAdamSmithtoJaredDiamond,haveaskedthesamelife-and-deathquestion:whydosomesocietiessucceed,andothersfail,inproducingthegoodsthatmakelifelong,healthyandprosperous?Smith'sanswerwasbasicallythatwhensocietiesadopttherulesofmarketcapitalism,theireconomiesgrow,:andwhentheydonotadopttherulesofmarketcapitnlism,theireconomiesdonot.SinceSmith,othereconomistshavedevelopedmoreformalmodelsofeconomicgrowth.Theclassic"Solowgrowthmodel"emphasizedtheinvestmentofcapital.Romer's"NewGrowthTheory,"includesknowledgeasavariable.Whatismainlymissingfromboththenewandtheoldgrowththeoriesisausefuldiscussionofincentivesandentrepreneurship.Thetheoriesarenotjustacademicabstractions.Policymakers,wantingtoimprovetheworld,sometimesactinpartonthebasisoftheIfirstencounteredSchumpeteratWabashCollegeinawonderfulcourseonCapitalism,SocialismandDemocragtaughtbyBenRogge.TheessenceofRogge'saccountofSchumpeterwaspresentedinthetitleessayofhisCanCapitalismSurvive?(1979)AngelaKuhlmannprovidedresearchassistance.Iamgratefultotworefereesforthoughtfulandusefulcommentsandquestions.Thecurrentpaperisintendedtobeamorefocusedelaborationofasmallpartof"Schumpeter'sCentralMessage,"presentedatthebiennialmeetingsoftheInternationalSchumpeterSocietyinMilan,ItalyonJune12,2004.(Severalsentencesfromthatpaperarereproducedinthispaper.)Anearlierversionofthecurrentpaperwaspresentedtothe2005meetingsoftheAssociationofPrivateEnterpriseEducation.ArthurM.Diamond,Jr.120
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