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Fall 2008
ISSN 0890-913X
Volume 24, Number 1

Corruption and Complex Business Rules

Osmel Brito-Bigott, Instituto de Estudios Superiores de Administración, Poba International
Hugo J. Faría, Instituto de Estudios Superiores de Administración, Poba International
José Miguel Rodríguez, Instituto de Estudios Superiores de Administración, Poba International
Alejandro Sánchez, Instituto de Estudios Superiores de Administración, Poba International
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TheJournalofPrivateEnterprise24(1),2008,1-21CorruptionandComplexBusinessRulesOsmelBrito-BigottHugoJ.FaríaJoséMiguelRodríguezAlejandroSánchezInstitutodeEstudiosSuperioresdeAdministración,PobaInternationalAbstractThisresearchcontributestoourunderstandingoftheinteractionbetweencorruptionandeconomicperformancebyexaminingtherelationshipbetweencorruptionandbusinessregulationsmeasuredintermsofnumberofprocedures,time,andcoststhatentrepreneursincurtosatisfygovernmentmandates.Aftercontrollingforexogenousvariablespotentiallyrelatedtocorruptionandusingtwo-stageleastsquaresmethodstomitigateproblemsassociatedwithendogeneity,wefindarobustpositiverelationshipbetweencorruptionandcomplexrules.Thefindingssuggestpolicymeasuresaimedatstreamliningbusinessregulationstoreducecorruptionandenhancegrowth.JELCodes:G18,G33,K2,K4,M13Keywords:Corruption,Complexrules,CostofdoingbusinessI.IntroductionCorruption,generallydefinedasthemisuseofgovernmentalpowerforprivategainorbenefit,ispresentineveryculture,anditisasoldasexistencenormsandlegalprocedures(Easterly,2001;Akcay,2006).Thefollowingexampleclarifiesthedefinitionofcorruption.Ifabureaucratwithdiscretionarypowerappliesagovernmentalregulation,thispersonenjoysamonopolyoverthesupplyofapublicgood.Thepublicofficialcandenyorapprovetheapplication,requireadditionaltransactions,orderunnecessaryinspections,orsimplydelaythedecisiononthematter,withthemainintentionofobtainingpersonalbenefit,generallyintheformofcommissionsorbribes.Ineffect,thecorruptgovernmentemployeebecomestheownerofapublicgoodthatgeneratesrents(Klitgaard,1988;ShleiferandVishny,1993).1
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