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Winter 2020

ISSN 0890-913X

Volume 35, Number 4

Cross-Country Differences in Personal Protective Equipment Use

William J. Luther, Florida Atlantic Univeristy

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TheJournalofPrivateEnterprise35(4),2020,21–27Cross-CountryDifferencesinPersonalProtectiveEquipmentUse*WilliamJ.LutherFloridaAtlanticUniversity__________________________________________________________AbstractWhydoestheuseofpersonalprotectiveequipment(PPE)differacrosscountries?Idevelopasimplemodelandthenofferseveralhypotheses.Whiletheprimaryobjectiveistoexplaincross-countrydifferences,themodelsuggestspotentialreasonsforwithin-countryandtime-seriesvariationaswell.Thelistofplausibleexplanationsconsistentwiththemodelisextensive.InadditiontoprovidingaframeworkforconsideringobserveddifferencesinPPE,thisexercisedemonstratesthedifficultyofexplainingrelativelysimplephenomena.__________________________________________________________JELCodes:D11,D85,I12,O35Keywords:disease,monitoring,network,networkeffect,networkexternality,personalprotectiveequipment,pandemic,socialsanction,virusI.IntroductionAglobalpandemicledtoasurgeindemandforpersonalprotectiveequipment(PPE)—likemasks,gowns,gloves,goggles,andfaceshields—inearly2020.UShospitalsandgovernmentswereleftscramblingtostockup.1Inanefforttohelpfillthegap,manycompaniesquicklypivotedtoPPEproduction.2Criminalsseizedtheopportunityaswell,withadvancefeescamsandbusinessemail*BryanCutsinger,JoshuaHendrickson,ThomasHogan,andPhillipMagnessprovidedvaluablecommentsonanearlierdraftofthispaper.Anyremainingerrorsshouldbeattributedtotheauthor.1Goodnough(2020)reportsdwindlingsuppliesofN95masksasearlyasMarch9.2ThatmanysmallcompaniesbeganproducingPPEwassomewhatsurprising,consideringtheextensiveregulationpertainingtomedicalequipmentandthelimitedguidancefromgovernments(Mark2020).

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Title	Cross-Country Differences in Personal Protective Equipment Use
Authors/Creators:	William J. Luther, Florida Atlantic Univeristy
Year:	2020
Volume:	35
Number:	4
Pages:	21 - 27
Publisher:	The Association of Private Enterprise Education
ISSN:	0890-913X
Document Type:	Articles
Keywords:	disease, monitoring, network, network effect, network externality, personal protective equipment, pandemic, social sanction, virus

Citation:
Luther, William J. / 2020. "Cross-Country Differences in Personal Protective Equipment Use." The Journal of Private Enterprise, 35(4): 21-27.