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Spring 2008
ISSN 0890-913X
Volume 23, Number 2

On the Monopoly of Rule Enforcement

Anthony de Jasay, Paluel, France
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TheJournalofPrivateEnterprise23(2),2008,135-148OntheMonopolyofRuleEnforcementAnthonydeJasay*Paluel,FranceI.EpisodesAmantravellingatnightintheNewYorksubwayismenacinglysurroundedbyfiveyoungmenbrandishinglongscrewdrivers.Heshootsandwoundsallfive,onegrievously.Hispleaofself-defenseisvitiatedbyhisdisproportionateuseofforce.Convictedandsentencedtoalongprisonterm,hefightsaprotractedlegalbattlefinancedbydonations,andisfinallyacquittedonappeal.InaFrenchschool,ateenageboymisbehaves,disruptstheclass,andendsupkickingeveryoneinsight,includingtheteacher.Theassistantheadtakeshimtohisofficeandspankshim.Theheadoftheschoolsuspendstheassistantheadonthespot,andheisprosecutedundertheactforbiddingcorporalpunishment.Heisacquittedbecausehedidnothumiliatetheboy(ashewouldhavedoneifhehadspankedhisbottominfrontoftheclass).AftertheJuly2005terroristattacksonLondonTransport,policeshootdeadaninnocentforeigner,mistakinghimforaterrorist.Intheensuingstormofindignation,thepoliceareseverelyblamedfornotascertainingtheintentionsoftheirvictim.ThearticleinTheEconomistdiscussingthematterisentitled'ExcuseMe,ButAreYouASuicideBomber?'*Editor'sNote:WearepleasedtopublishthisarticlebyAnthonydeJasay,whomJamesM.Buchanan(1986,p.241)describesasoffering"solid,foundationalanalysis,groundedinanunderstandingofeconomictheory,informedbypoliticalphilosophy,andadeepsenseofhistory,"andwhomGerardRadnitzky(2004,p.99)describesas"oneofthemostsignificantsocialphilosophersofourage."AnthonydeJasay'seyesightisnotwhatitoncewas,soherequestedthatIprovidereaderswithreferencestootherauthorswhohaveaddressedsomeofthequestionsraisedinthisarticle.PrivateenforcementoflawhasbeendiscussedbyauthorssuchasAndersonandHill(1979),Friedman(1989),Rothbard(1996),Benson(1990),Ellickson(1991),andEkelundandDorton(2003).Foranoverviewoftheliterature,seeStringham(2007).DeJasayhasauniqueperspectiveonthistopic,sowearepleasedtopublishithere.AsRoderickLong(2003,p.120)wrote,"Anyonewithinterestsinphilosophy,economics,politicaltheory,orrational-choiceanalysiswillprofitfromclosereadingandlongponderingofdeJasay'sarguments."135
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